For example, in computer science, cybernetics tries to model the feedback and control mechanisms that are inherent in intelligent behavior, while artificial intelligence tries to model the intelligent function regardless of the particular way it can be achieved. The study of bionics often emphasizes implementing a function found in nature rather than imitating biological structures. Velcro was inspired by the tiny hooks found on the surface of burs. It is estimated by Julian Vincent, professor of biomimetics at the University of Bath's Department of Mechanical Engineering, that "at present there is only a 12% overlap between biology and technology in terms of the mechanisms used". Evolutionary computation was also motivated by bionics ideas but it took the idea further by simulating evolution in silico and producing well-optimized solutions that had never appeared in nature. In the field of computer science, the study of bionics has produced artificial neurons, artificial neural networks, and swarm intelligence. The term " biomimetic" is preferred for references to chemical reactions, such as reactions that, in nature, involve biological macromolecules (e.g., enzymes or nucleic acids) whose chemistry can be replicated in vitro using much smaller molecules.Įxamples of bionics in engineering include the hulls of boats imitating the thick skin of dolphins sonar, radar, and medical ultrasound imaging imitating animal echolocation. For example, dirt- and water-repellent paint (coating) developed from the observation that practically nothing sticks to the surface of the lotus flower plant (the lotus effect). All three stories feature humans given various superhuman powers by their electromechanical implants.Īccording to proponents of bionic technology, the transfer of technology between lifeforms and manufactured objects is desirable because evolutionary pressure typically forces living organisms-fauna and flora-to become optimized and efficient. television series The Six Million Dollar Man and The Bionic Woman, both based upon the novel Cyborg by Martin Caidin. Steele in August 1958, is a portmanteau from biology and electro nics that was popularized by the 1970s U.S.
Robot behaviour (bottom) modeled after that of a cockroach (top) and a gecko (middle).īionics or biologically inspired engineering is the application of biological methods and systems found in nature to the study and design of engineering systems and modern technology.
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